Answers to Questions on Communication, including Case Studies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3080 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Case study Did you like this example? Introduction Ratchettes Ltd. has been one of the most prestigious dealership firms of Lifestyle Cars Ltd. ever since it has attained its franchise. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Answers to Questions on Communication, including Case Studies" essay for you Create order It has achieved a good reputation with the Lifestyle Cars Ltd over the years and is one of the prime dealers of their cars. Because of its large-scale dealership, a lot of employees are working in the firm. Being a multi-functional firm, it has been classified into different departments for the efficiency of the work and to attain goals in a positive way. The firm is majorly divided into sales and after-sales. Sales consist of new cars, used cars, and fleet cars. New cars is responsible for the sales of fresh cars that come directly from the manufacturer, used cars are those that sell second to third hand cars, fleet cars are responsible for bulk orders. After-sales consist of parts and servicing. Parts are responsible to maintain the inventory and concerned with the sales of parts of cars and accessories used in the cars, servicing is concerned with the maintenance of the carspost sales. In all, the entire firm has over 5 departments working simultaneously. Constantly talking is not necessarily communicating Joel in eternal sunshine of the spotless mind Answer 1 Key Issue One of the major problems that the company is facing, even after 20 years of its existence, is that the employees of the firm are not coordinating well amongst each other. Coordination among the firm is one of the prime factors that will lead the company to work efficiently and hence attain milestones and set better goals for future. Efficiency may require coordinated actions, but coordinated actions can also lead to competition and make collusions likely  [1]  . At Ratchettes, the employees are paid wages on salary and commission basis. All the employees get minimum fixed salaries, but major source of their income are the commissions that they receive from their individual work, based on the number of customers they attend to.This leads the employees to have a sense of competition amongst each other, which has directly affected the team spirit amongst the members within the department, as well as in between different departments in the firm. Groups and Teams  [2] Groups are the essential feature of an organization. Individuals seldom work in isolation from others. Work is a group based activity and, if the organization is to function effectively, it requires collaboration and cooperation amongst its members. Team occurs when a number of people have a common goal and recognize that their personal success is dependant on the success of others. They are all inter-dependant. Introduction to Equity Theory  [3] There was a time when employers thought employees to be just another input required for production of output, that is, goods and services. This thinking was changed with the research conducted known as Hawthorne Studies, by Elton Mayo from 1924 to 1932. This study showed that employees are not just motivated by the money, but their attitudes as well Adams Equity Theory Model3 This theory shows that employees strive to achieve equity between themselves and their coworkers. This equity can be achieved when the ratio of employee outcomes over inputs is equal to other employee outcomes over inputs. Adams Equity Theory of Motivation3 Like the other more prevalent theories of motivation mentioned above, the Adams Equity Theory of Motivation recognizes the variable factors that can affect employees assessment and perception of their relationship with their work and the employer. This theory was created on the belief that employees are de-motivated in relation to their job and employer if their inputs are greater than the outputs. Employees respond their de-motivation in form of reduced effort, increase dissatisfaction and may even become disruptive. Analysis Considering the above definitions of groups and teams, The Adams Equity Theory of Motivation and, relating it with the case of Ratchettes Ltd. It is understood that the employees in the firm are working with rather less motivation amongst themselves.Their performance is more individualistic than as a team effort. Hence, it is justified if it is said that the employees in the firm are working in Groupsrather than in Teams. Explanation Employees from different departments have complains with the working of the other departments, which according to them is affecting the standards of their work. The blame-game is being played amongst the departments, where each department is blaming the other for its inefficiency. The following quotes can be considered for the justification: Wed be a lot better off if Parts got their act together. (Workshop supervisor) We do the best we can and Service lets us down each time. (Used-car salesman) Apart from inter-department issues, the employees of the same department also have a tiff against each other. This lack of coordination is basically seen in the departments under sales. The employees, in order to get the maximum commission from having more customers, are not aiming to have maximum sales for the firm, but rather for themselves. And in order to get maximum sales on their names, they do not even mind cutting their colleagues client on their day-offs. The following quo tes can be considered for the justification: I try to move the metal so that I get my commission and keep Lifestyle happy and now theyre saying that Im too pushy in this job you have to be, otherwise somebody else gets the deal. (New-car salesman) She was my customer, I talked to her first but Debbie signed her up on my day off I deserve a percentage (Salesman) Conclusion The above quotes clearly signify that the employees are not well coordinated, individualistic and lack motivation. Due to this, the teams are working in Groups, and the management is supposed to take concrete steps to encourage and motivate their employees to work in unity as a team. Theres nothing more demoralizing than a leader who cannot clearly articulate why we are doing what we are doing James Kouzes and Barry Posner Answer 2 Ratchettes Ltd. has been going through a lot of irregularities in their functioning. The following are the problems that the Ratchettes Ltd. are facing from within the management of the firm. Lack of balance between Authority and Responsibility: Authority is the right to give orders and obtain obedience, and responsibility is the corollary of authority. Managers require authority commensurate with their responsibility. There should be a balance between authority and responsibility. If manager has responsibility but not sufficient authority he is not able to perform effectively and efficiently. For example parts manager does not have an authority to keep sufficient inventory level. Lack of Unity of Command: According to management principal given by Henry Fayol there should be one and only one boss for every individual employee. If an employee gets orders from two superiors at the same time the principle of unity of command is violated. The principle of unity of command states that each participant in a formal organization should receive orders from and be responsible to only one superior. If this principle is violated authority is undermined, discipline is in jeopardy, order disturbed and stability threatened. The principle resembles military organization. Dual subordination should be avoided. This is to prevent confusion regarding tasks to be done. For example, car and after-sales manager both get order from their managing director as well as from Lifestyle regional manager. Lack of Unity of Direction: All the units of an organization should be moving towards the same objectives through coordinated and focused efforts. Each group of activities having the same objective must have one head and one plan. This ensures unity of action and coordination. For example there is no common goal between sales department and after-sales service department in Ratchetts Ltd. Lack of Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest: The interests of an organization should take priority over the interests of any one individual employee. Every worker has some individual interest for working in a company. The company has got its own objectives. In all the situations the interests of the group/company will supersede the interest of any one individual. This is so because larger interests of the workers and stakeholders are more important than the interest of any one person. For example, a technician does not want that there should be any change in payment structure till there payment gets double. Lack of application of Harmony, Not Discord scientific principal: Factory system of production implied that managers served as a link between the owners and the workers. Since as managers they had the mandate to get work done from the workers, it should not be difficult for you to appreciate that there always existed the possibility of a kind of class-conflict, the mangers versus workers. Both should realize that each one is important. To achieve this state, Taylor called for complete mental revolution on the part of both management and workers. It means that management and workers should transform their thinking. For example there is not a harmony between workshop and part. Ignorance of quality due to Peace wage system: As the workers are getting payment on the base of number of job performed they ignores the quality in order to complete more number of job and this is observed in survey carried by Lifestyle where they find for Ratchett Ltd., that there is high repeated repairs. Not applicability of Chester Barnards Contributions to organizational theory: Barnard feels organizations are communication systems. He feels it is particularly important for managers to develop a sense of common purpose where a willingness to cooperate is strongly encouraged. He states there are four factors affecting the willingness of employees to accept authority: The employees must understand the communication The employees accept the communication as being with the organizations purposes. The employees feel that they are not in contact with the high level managers In Ratchetts Ltd. A communication gap present which can be observed from the comment given by part manager, technician, new-car salesman, workshop supervisor, used-car salesman and service manager. Lack of Motivation Motivation is need so that employees should complete their work efficiently and effectively. Motivation can be positive as well negative. Factors having a negative motivation impact on the research subjects are the working conditions, salary, job securities, supervisory methods and general company management climate. According to Herzberg, employee motivation is achieved with challenging enjoyable work where achievement, growth, responsibility and advancement are encouraged and recognized. In Ratchetts Ltd. Factors that are responsible for lack of motivation are poor working conditions, low salaries and poor supervisory relations. (All the above 8 points)  [4] ANSWER 3 Ratchettes ltd. Is a car dealership company facing many problems like authority, responsibility, unity of command and direction, lack of motivation and other problems as explained above. Thus, we will solve these problems using theories and recommendations, which will benefit the company- One of the main problems that the company is facing is that of unity of command which can be seen as the regional manager of either parts or services reports to Alan ratchette and indirectly to lifestyle manager, where Alan ratchette is also accountable to lifestyle who have other targets to meet. Hence, information is not transferred properly leading to failure in completing objectives. This shows that there is a need for a regular communication channel in the company where information is passed through a channel of people and decisions can be taken easily. For e.g. here the regional manager can pass information directly to the ratchettes manager as well as the lifestyle manager who can pas s this information to their respective bosses and take decisions accordingly. One more problem faced in this company is the lack of motivation, we will explain this by using Vrooms expectancy theory which states- The Expectancy Theory of Victor Vroom deals with motivation and management. Vrooms theory assumes that behavior results from conscious choices among alternatives whose purpose it is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. Together with Edward Lawler and Lyman Porter, Vroom suggested that the relationship between peoples behavior at work and their goals was not as simple as was first imagined by other scientists. Vroom realized that an employees performance is based on individuals factors such as personality, skills, knowledge, experience and abilities. The expectancy theory says that individuals have different sets of goals and can be motivated if they believe that: There is a positive correlation between efforts and performance, Favorable performance will re sult in a desirable reward, The reward will satisfy an important need, The desire to satisfy the need is strong enough to make the effort worthwhile. Here in this company salaries are low and mainly it is a commission based business where commissions are very low on every sale and not guaranteed to that employee hence to tackle this problem salaries should be increased and commission should be entitled to that employee who does the convincing and not to that who sells the car at the end, this will motivate the employees to work harder and benefit the company. Another example can be seen that of Subhiksha supermarket that got shut because they dint pay their employees and concentrated more on expanding and opening more shops. They kept their salaries for more than 3 months and thus people started quitting their jobs and the company got a bad name in the market, which eventually lead to closure of the company. The next action to be taken by the company is that they dont meet their goals and objectives, as they arent set correctly. Goal setting is a powerful way of motivating people, and of motivating yourself. The value of goal setting is so well recognized that entire management systems, like  Management by Objectives, have goal setting basics incorporated within them. Lockes research showed that there was a relationship between how difficult and specific a goal was and peoples performance of a task. He found that specific and difficult goals led to better task performance than vague or easy goals. Such a problems can be seen in the firm, which is done by technicians called beat the book where after finishing their work they go and do other jobs. This problem can be tackled by specifying certain goals daily or on weekly basis, which they have to meet necessarily in order to earn their wages. Hence, they will strive harder to finish their work on time and this problem will be resolved. Refrence- A. (2007).  Victor Vroo m .  Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Vroom. Last accessed 22nd A. (2007).  lockes goal setting theory.  Available: https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newHTE_87.htm. Last accessed 22nd november 2010 LAKSHYA ROOPCHANDANI Bungalow no 3, Brighton tower, 2nd lane lokhandwala, andheri (west), Mumbai-53 Tel-9619907077 PERSONAL PROFILE I am an Enthusiastic and a professional person with proven leadership qualities in working as a team. I use qualities such as hard work and determination in achieving goals. Risk taker and has great adaptability to any working environment. Is open to suggestions and feedback from other employees in the organization. I have excellent communication skills and telephone techniques. I am reliable, I strive to always keep a positive attitude and have the ability to learn quickly. EDUCATION 2008, passed CBSE 10th,R.N. podar school Mumbai with 87%, 2010, passed CBSE 12th, R.N. podar school Mum bai with 85%, PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Packaging manager for brownies Inc. Responsible for the quality of the packaging material and type of material used. Managed 10 people for cutting and packing of brownies. Managed packaging of 500 brownies every week. Transporting the packaged brownies to the store carefully without any wastage. INTERESTS AND ACHIEVEMENTS Cricket, played under 14 under 16 under 19 for school, Played for Maharashtra at age 17 played for CPCCI for a year, got selected for national level. Bungee jumping and Para sailing. Rishi Shah 2,shivangi bunglow,parlepoint,surat ph no:9820900532.email:[email  protected]/* */ Personal Profile I am studying B.B.A (HONS.) in Kingston University. I am a very confident person with good leadership quality. I can motivate people working around me. I am professional by nature. My goal is to become a respectable entrepreneur in future with good ethics. My job criteria would be an experience based. Education Name of examination Year Place Marks obtained 10th 2008 DLA Academy 53% 12th 2010 DLA Academy 79% Professional Experience N/A Interests and Achievements As an extra curriculum activity sports has been by part of interest. I mostly take part in cricket event, which is favorable game of all time. I am also been able to take part in some soccer event. References www.monster.com www.samplecvs.org Naki Chougle Shakti c, 606/7/8, kalyan complex,   yari road, versova , andheri (w), mumbai -61 992014233  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   email [email  protected]/* */ Personal Profile I have joined the BBA course in IIS (Kingston) so that I can help my dad in the expansion of our business, from IIS I would like to do my major in finance and marketing. I have decided to join Kingston so that I can learn the business techniques and help my dad with his business. By the end of this curriculum, I would hope to complete my studies properly and hope to enter the business prepared. Education ICSE- from maneckji cooper education trust school securing 62%   HSC- from malini Kishore sanghvi college of commerce securing 52% Interests and Achievements Swimming, cycling, basket-ball, car-racing  Archit Chaturvedi 1/B 1205, Dheeraj Enclave Tower, W. E. Highway, Borivli (East), Mumbai 400066 Tel-9769288174 PERSONAL PROFILE I am a hard working and dedicated person with varied experience in organizing events and an aptitude for team work and business. I have taken up B.B.A from the IIS Kingston university because I believe that this institution can help me attain adequate knowledge and guide me to have a bright future considering my career. I wish to complete my MBA from a reputed university, like Kingston, and set up my own real estate development company. I am determined to put in all my efforts towards achieving my goal of being one of the most important and popular real estate developer of the world, for I believe to leave back my footprints for the generations to remember me for centuries to come. EDUCATION 2008, passed ICSE Cambridge school Mumbai with 78%, 2010, passed HSC Narsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics Mumbai with 69.5%, PROF ESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Sales Executive for Nahar Builders, Mumbai. INTERESTS AND ACHIEVEMENTS Football, played under 10 to under 16 for school, and Under 19 for college. Played Athletics (Discus throw, ShotPut, short distance runner) for school. Received Best Event award for Industrial Visit (Rotaract Club of NM College Director for Professional Development) by zone 1B Rotaract International District 3140.

Essay on Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock - 829 Words

In the poem The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T.S. Elliot, Prufrock is a man that is pessimistic, has low self-esteem, and has much internal conflict. He believes that he isnt good enough for the women of his desire; this theme also becomes a motif. The epigraph of the poem is an excerpt from Dantes Inferno, in which that the perfect audience could only be someone who would never be allowed into the real world where that person(s) might reveal Prufrocks idiosyncrasies. This of course is impossible so therefore he must settle on a personal reflection, thus creating an interior dialogue. This in effect sets a mood of isolation giving the reader some foreshadowing in to what the poem will be about. The image of a†¦show more content†¦In the eyes of Prufrock he could never compare with Michelangelo, therefore he could never be the object of the womens conversations much less their desires or hearts. The repetition of the lines how should I presume? and how should I begin? e xemplify Prufrocks inability to commit and his overall pessimistic outlook. I should have been a pair of ragged claws scuttling across the floors of silent seas, (lines 73-74) these words are an allusion to the crab. This is significant not in the way the crab looks or its shape but in its direction of movement; instead of moving forwards like most animals, it moves sideways. When related to Prufrock it means that he really never goes anywhere he just sits there oscillating in his mind whether to go up to the ladies or not, but never actually goes forward and does it. The rhyme scheme for this poem includes end rhyme, streets†¦retreats (lines 4-5), internal rhyme, decisions and revisions (line 48), and slant rhyme, meet†¦ create (lines 27-28). At the end of the poem it is structured most like an English sonnet. The evidence for this is in the last two lines that both rhyme and conclude the poem. The last line meaning that when the outside world gets involved, till the huma n voices wake us the dream or fantasy is ruined we drown. Prufrock believes the women will put him down by making insults such as how his hair is growingShow MoreRelatedThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1647 Words   |  7 Pagesseen in T.S. Eliot’s work The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The main character, Prufrock, plans to ask the woman he loves the overwhelming question of marriage, but due to his pessimistic outlook, he became hesitant and self conscious. Surges of insecurity arise, and instead of proposing his love, Prufrock delays the question and spends the night talking nonsense to avoid the situation. In the end, Prufrock’s insecurities and fear of rejection alter his feelings of love into a sense of emotional protectionRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock970 Words   |  4 PagesNever in Love When reading the title of T.S Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† it is believed we are in store for a poem of romance and hope. A song that will inspire embrace and warmth of the heart, regretfully this is could not be further from the truth. This poem takes us into the depths of J. Alfred Prufrock, someone who holds faltering doubt and as a result may never come to understand real love. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† takes us through Prufrock’s mindset and his self-doubtingRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay1928 Words   |  8 PagesHuman Voices Wake Us and We Drown’: Community in ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’,† James Haba contends that the repeated use of â€Å"you†, â€Å"we†, and â€Å"us† in T. S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† creates a personal ambience around the reader and Prufrock. Because of this, Haba argues that Eliot’s use of personal pronouns and references produces a sense of community and intimacy between the reader and Prufrock (53), even though Prufrock seemingly struggles with emotions of intimacy andRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1072 Words   |  5 Pages We may never be given a second chance to do something daring ever again so we seize the day! However, people like in J. Alfred Prufrock make the attempt to do but it doesn’t work. â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† written by T.S. Elliot, essentially is about a simple man that wishes to ask a question, although the question is never revealed, the reader is taken on journey the with the speaker, only to find that they have spent a lengthy amount of time of their lives without ever asking theRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock915 Words   |  4 PagesThe Love Song of Alfred Prufrock: Taking the Love out of Song A tragedy in a poem is usually characterized as an event that has a tragic or unhappy ending. They generally are used to teach morals or lessons. T.S. Eliot’s, â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock†, is considered a tragedy because of the way Eliot uses four different writing styles: word choice, figurative language, images, and biblical allusions. Using these styles, Eliot acknowledges the tragic endeavor of single, reclusiveRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1125 Words   |  5 Pagesmodernism. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, despite being one of T.S Eliot s earliest publications, still manages to remain one of the most famous. He uses this poem to not only draw out the psychological aspect of members of modern society, but also to draw out the aspect of the time that he lived in. The speaker of this poem is a modern man who feels alone, isolated, and incapable of making decisive actions for himself. Prufrock desires to speak to a woman about his love for her, but heRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock986 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T. S. Eliot and Dover Beach by Matthew Arnold the poets utilizes poetic devices to convey their respective themes. Through use of symbols and metaphors, the speaker in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock displays his fears of the changes brought with the younger generation, and isolation from the changing society. The speaker in Dover Beach, utilizes symbols, metaphors, and similes to state that the younger generation has less faith than the older, and societyRead MoreThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock1729 Words   |  7 PagesThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock The dramatic monologue â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock was written by Thomas Stearns Eliot and published in June of 1915. Eliot was born in St Louis, Missouri on September 26, 1888, where he grew up and lived until the age of eighteen. After high school, Eliot studied at Harvard University in Cambridge, MA and the Sorbonne in Paris, France. Eventually, Eliot ended up in England where he married his wife Vivien and spent the remainder of his lifeRead MoreThe Love Song of J Alfred Prufrock1966 Words   |  8 Pagessymbolism to capture the readers attention in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The poem has a dramatic discourse. The percipience of lifes emptiness is the main theme of the poem. Eliot exhorts the spiritual decomposition by exploring a type of life in death. T. S. Eliot, who in the Clark Lectures notes, Real Irony is an expression of suffering(Lobb, 53), uses irony and symbolism throughout the poem to exemplify the suffering of J. Alfred Prufro ck who believes he is filled with spiritual morbidityRead MoreThe Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1005 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† published in 1915, was written by a man named T.S. Eliot. The speaker of the poem begins to describe an evening that appears to be somewhat romantic and a little mysterious. As the reader progresses into the poem, the mood soon fades and the reader starts to figure out that this evening is not what they pictured. â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† is a poem written by Robert Frost. The poem was first published in 1927. The speaker of the poem has a similar mood as

Competitive Strategy Business and National Culture

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy for Business and National Culture. Answer: Introduction: Strategy is often mixed up with terms like goals, tactics and objectives. It is used to understand the insights of the business. A good leader will always make a strategy that will have a vision and a better way of carrying out the ideas for the benefit of his subjects. The sacrifice of some people by the leader is necessary in order to reach the goal that is set by him. Some questions need to be kept in mind to formulate a good strategy (Verbeke 2013). The answers to these questions need to be found out so that the company can actually achieve its target. The idea of providing the best services to the customer needs to be identified by the company and should be the foremost goal of the company. Customization, reliability of the customers and the product styles needs to be maintained in order to gain the faith and trust of the customers (Walker and Madsen 2016). Henry Mintzberg divided the strategies in to three parts namely Intended, Emergent and Realized Strategy. Coca-Cola has been in the business for almost around more than a century and is still going strong in the market due to the competitive advantage that it has over other products that are available in the market. The stocks and shares of the company continue to rise and people always go after them because of their rising prices. The competitive advantage that the firm has over others is that the recipe, which is a secret for the company and tastes much better than all the other products that are in the company. The ability to develop new products and reinventing the ones that are already present in the market gives them an edge over other companies. Consumers are spoilt for choice as they offer more than four hundred brands in around 200 markets globally. The distribution system of the company is very good in comparison with the other companies as they maintain a huge network of operators worldwide (Menon and Yao 2014). The entire distribution team stays updated with the new technolog ies that are developing and they constantly keeps on changing these so that the consumers from every corner of the globe have access to their products. The far flung places in Africa have access to these products due to the excellent distribution strategy that is taken up the firm. The technology that is used to make the products is of high quality and up to date so that the company incurs low cost on production on manufacturing it. The distribution team maintains a strong bond with the manufacturing plants so that the products keep on flowing constantly to the consumers (Dawar 2013). This network enables the firm to gain maximum profits in comparison with the other companies. The efficiency and the strategies used by the Coca-Cola company is of great advantage and success of the company. CAGE Framework The CAGE framework states that the trade opportunities of a company depend upon the cultural, administrative, geographical and economical factors of the company. The cultural factor determines the habits of the people of that place through interactions with different companies and institutions. The differences in religion and languages can have a great impact on the trade factors (Ghemawat and Altman 2016). The administrative factor looks in to the history or the background of the place and the relations that it shares with the other countries in terms of trading activities. The geographical distances between two countries also needs to be considered as the borders and boundaries of the place play a huge role in the smooth functioning of the trading activities. The economical factor needs to be considered as well because it is seen that the companies that are in rich countries tends to do more cross country trade activities as compared to other countries (Lopez-Duarte, Vidal-Suarez a nd Gonzalez-Diaz 2015). The application of the CAGE framework fits very well in the Coca-Cola Company as the entry in to the Chinese market was of great benefit to the company. The cultural advantage that the company got in that market was that the product was refreshing and new in the market. The risk was that the tea-loving people of China never tasted a product like that before and it was going to cost a lot for the company to advertise their product in the age old norm markets of China. The administrative factors were that the country had a capitalist government, so to enter the market the company had to pass through many legal boundaries. The country had no previous ties with other countries so the recognition of brand was not possible to the people. The size of the country is huge and is highly populated, so to reach every corner of the country is difficult for the company. Due to the long distances and the failure of communication, the company had to face lots of problem in the starting years. Econom ically, the country was not in a good position since the buying capacity of the people was very less due to the low labor cost, which inflicted the country throughout. The company benefitted from this as the cost of labor was meager as opposed to countries like United States and Russia (Omar, Leach and March 2014). The governmental, marketing and the cost factors of the country caused great hindrances for the company. The success of the company depended on the experiences that it had due to the overseas trade and the knowledge of internationalizing activities that were taking place at that time. The availability of the resources in the company and the relationships that the company maintained with all the other nations gave a great boost in favor of the company. One of the major drawbacks that the company faced was that the operating country that is China was facing lots of difficulty due to the political unrest that was taking place throughout the nation (Ghemawat 2013). The compan y had high risks as how would the indigenous people react with their people as well as opportunities were also great due to the huge population and great marketing base. Reference List Dawar, N., 2013. When marketing is strategy.Harvard business review,91(12), pp.100-108. Ghemawat, P. and Altman, S.A., 2016. Emerging Economies: Differences and Distances 1.AIB Insights,16(4), p.7. Ghemawat, P., 2013.Redefining global strategy: Crossing borders in a world where differences still matter. Harvard Business Press. Lpez?Duarte, C., Vidal?Surez, M.M. and Gonzlez?Daz, B., 2015. International Business and National Culture: A Literature Review and Research Agenda.International Journal of Management Reviews. Menon, A.R. and Yao, D.A., 2014.Elevating Repositioning Costs: Strategy Dynamics and Competitive Interactions in Grand Strategy. Omar, A.T., Leach, D. and March, J., 2014. Collaboration between nonprofit and business sectors: A framework to guide strategy development for nonprofit organizations.VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,25(3), pp.657-678. Verbeke, A., 2013.International business strategy. Cambridge University Press. Walker, G. and Madsen, T.L., 2016.Modern competitive strategy. McGraw-Hill Education.

Orwell Essay free essay sample

There are an abundance of themes and issues explored in Nineteen Eighty-Four (hereafter â€Å"1984†) that relate to the object of power and its representation through the political state of â€Å"the party†, rebellion and language. Similarly, these themes of the use, abuse, and manipulation of power are used in the Peter Nicholson Cartoon in the Daily Telegraph (1/03/03), and the ? lm Enemy of the State directed by Tony Scott. Orwell begins 1984 with an introduction to the responder of a bleak world where individual freedom and personal civil liberties are non-existent; a world where absolute obedience to totalitarian rule is demanded. Contextually, at the time of Orwell’s writing, Hitler and Stalin’s division of humanity was at its peak, encompassing Orwell’s fear of the ultimate suppression of humanity. In writing 1984, Orwell attempts to discuss fraud, dishonesty, and immoral behaviour within politics, and in conveying these ideas, uses a variety of literary features to convey to the responder the extent of the abuse of power. We will write a custom essay sample on Orwell Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Setting and placement plays an integral role in 1984, as it has been exaggerated to reveal to the responder that the dystopian world of 1984 is de? nitely not ‘right. ’ for example the responder learns that in this world the â€Å"clock strikes thirteen. † Orwell continues to describe the setting through clever irony, especially in relation to the ministries of Oceania. The ministry of truth concerns itself with the manipulation of history, and the ministry of love â€Å"was the really frightening one. These paradoxical concepts are a satirical comment upon the manipulative power that humans possess with the underlying discourse of power in 1984 being that power is an omnipresent force that corrupts all things associated with it. Orwell successfully overwhelms the responder with the description of setting that parallels the notion of the individual, Winston, shrinking under the weight of authority. This representation is successfully displayed because it disgusts the responder with an austere world, which unfortunately for the fate of humanity, Orwell surmises is entirely plausible. The structure of power through di? rent classes of society is a feature of an oligarchical society, where hierarchy exists to determine the methods of power used to keep society under control. The proles represent society’s lowest class of citizens, kept insigni? cant through poverty 1 of 3 www. kewpid. net and denial of resources necessary for them to develop into a threat. Yet, the proles are signi? cant for society, as Winston points out â€Å"if there is hope†¦ it lies in the proles. † For Winston, they stand as a symbol of the warmth of humanity, able to think naturally. Moving up the hierarchy, Big Brother represents the highest class in the party’s ultimate rule. Symbolism is signi? cant to convey the importance of these elements, where Big Brother is the symbol of complete control, along with the slogan â€Å"Big Brother is watching you. † However, perhaps a most signi? cant symbol is that of the paperweight, with its soft beauty that symbolised ful? lment, â€Å"a little chunk of history that they’ve forgotten to alter. † Another representation of the power of the state, are the telescreens which are used to monitor the activities of citizens such as Winston, depriving them of all their personal liberties and privacy. A similar technique is used in the ? lm Enemy of the State, where the protagonist, Robert Dean, unknowingly comes into the possession of a videotape tying the deputy director of the NSA (National Security Agency) to a political assassination. Dean is hunted by the enormous human and electronic capabilities of the NSA. Scott portrays this through the thoughtful use of camera angles, panning and visual special e? ects to show the level of surveillance and monitoring of Dean through surveillance camera and telephoto imagery from geostationary satellites. Scott also employs a clever pun on the American cliche to depict this event – â€Å"In God we Trust, all others we monitor. † The perversity and hypocrisy of power is represented by actions of groups of power in both 1984 and the Peter Nicholson cartoon. In 1984 this is speci? cally represented by the doctrine of doublethink, where the party deems it acceptable for people to hold contradictory ideas and opinions simultaneously. Clearly, in reality this notion is completely illogical and unorthodox. Yet, the populace of Oceania (and presumably Eastasia and Eurasia) have been so successfully brainwashed that they hold the doctrine of doublethink to be both true and acceptable. The hypocrisy of power is evident to a lesser extent in the Peter Nicholson cartoon, which depicts Saddam Hussein and Kim Jong-il as gorillas in a zoo, being observed by John Howard and Alexander Downer. It represents the situation earlier in 2003 where world leaders stressed the impending danger of Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction, and that unilateral military action was the imperative step to disarm Iraq. The irony of the text is that whilst the Saddam Hussein gorilla is locked in a cage, with a sign saying â€Å"Danger†, a larger gorilla, Kim Jong-il, walks past the Saddam cage, with human bone and ice-cream cone in hand leaving a trail of blood, unnoticed by Howard and Downer. It represents the government’s hypocrisy in dealing with almost identical situations. Whilst Iraq and North Korea were supposedly both of immediate threat 2 of 3 www. kewpid. net to world security, the world’s attention was focussed on Iraq, whilst North Korea posed and identical if not greater danger. The government hypocritically declared it would support military action in Iraq, but chose to support diplomatic action in North Korea. Again, the extent to which the state holds power over its citizens is repulsive to the responder, successfully representing a situation which despite its improbability, is still somewhat possible. The inevitable rebellion to power becomes a dominant theme as 1984 progressed, paralleling with Julia and Winston’s gain of power through continual de? ance of party codes. Their sexual encounters had â€Å"been a battle, the climax a victory. It was a blow struck against the party. † Nevertheless, Winston and Julia’s rebellious attempts against the party proved to be futile, as Orwell demonstrated ultimate power through the symbolic role of O’Brien, representing mistrust and guiltless enforcement. The ending of 1984 contains a dianoetic irony, which Orwell uses to show power by reason, speci? cally as O’Brien forces Winston to believe that â€Å"2 and 2 makes 5. † At that stage, â€Å"O’Brien contained Winston’s mind†, demonstrating an undenying power that was constant and never-ending. Power is represented in these texts as a corrupting force through a particular group’s abuse of power to gain complete and utter control of everything within their context. 1984 showed this absolute sense of power over individuals by essentially removing their personal liberty, creating a shift of power towards the state. Through representations such as surveillance by the state, hypocrisy of power, and inevitable rebellion, the composers of the above texts successfully demonstrate the use, abuse, and manipulation of power. Orwell Essay free essay sample Powerplay involves the interplay of di? erent types of power relationships between the powerful and the opressed, and the extent to which power resides in individuals. There are an abundance of themes and issues explored in Nineteen Eighty-Four (hereafter â€Å"1984†) that relate to the object of power and its representation through the political state of â€Å"the party†, rebellion and language. Similarly, these themes of the use, abuse, and manipulation of power are used in the Peter Nicholson Cartoon in the Daily Telegraph (1/03/03), and the ? lm Enemy of the State directed by Tony Scott. Orwell begins 1984 with an introduction to the responder of a bleak world where individual freedom and personal civil liberties are non-existent; a world where absolute obedience to totalitarian rule is demanded. Contextually, at the time of Orwell’s writing, Hitler and Stalin’s division of humanity was at its peak, encompassing Orwell’s fear of the ultimate suppression of humanity. We will write a custom essay sample on Orwell Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In writing 1984, Orwell attempts to discuss fraud, dishonesty, and immoral behaviour within politics, and in conveying these ideas, uses a variety of literary features to convey to the responder the extent of the abuse of power. Setting and placement plays an integral role in 1984, as it has been exaggerated to reveal to the responder that the dystopian world of 1984 is de? nitely not ‘right. ’ for example the responder learns that in this world the â€Å"clock strikes thirteen. † Orwell continues to describe the setting through clever irony, especially in relation to the ministries of Oceania. The ministry of truth concerns itself with the manipulation of history, and the ministry of love â€Å"was the really frightening one. These paradoxical concepts are a satirical comment upon the manipulative power that humans possess with the underlying discourse of power in 1984 being that power is an omnipresent force that corrupts all things associated with it. Orwell successfully overwhelms the responder with the description of setting that parallels the notion of the individual, Winston, shrinking under the weight of authority. This representation is successfully displayed because it disgusts the responder with an austere world, which unfortunately for the fate of humanity, Orwell surmises is entirely plausible. The structure of power through di? rent classes of society is a feature of an oligarchical society, where hierarchy exists to determine the methods of power used to keep society under control. The proles represent society’s lowest class of citizens, kept insigni? cant through poverty 1 of 3 www. kewpid. net and denial of resources necessary for them to develop into a threat. Yet, the proles are signi? cant for society, as Winston points out â€Å"if there is hope†¦ it lies in the proles. † For Winston, they stand as a symbol of the warmth of humanity, able to think naturally. Moving up the hierarchy, Big Brother represents the highest class in the party’s ultimate rule. Symbolism is signi? cant to convey the importance of these elements, where Big Brother is the symbol of complete control, along with the slogan â€Å"Big Brother is watching you. † However, perhaps a most signi? cant symbol is that of the paperweight, with its soft beauty that symbolised ful? lment, â€Å"a little chunk of history that they’ve forgotten to alter. † Another representation of the power of the state, are the telescreens which are used to monitor the activities of citizens such as Winston, depriving them of all their personal liberties and privacy. A similar technique is used in the ? lm Enemy of the State, where the protagonist, Robert Dean, unknowingly comes into the possession of a videotape tying the deputy director of the NSA (National Security Agency) to a political assassination. Dean is hunted by the enormous human and electronic capabilities of the NSA. Scott portrays this through the thoughtful use of camera angles, panning and visual special e? ects to show the level of surveillance and monitoring of Dean through surveillance camera and telephoto imagery from geostationary satellites. Scott also employs a clever pun on the American cliche to depict this event – â€Å"In God we Trust, all others we monitor. † The perversity and hypocrisy of power is represented by actions of groups of power in both 1984 and the Peter Nicholson cartoon. In 1984 this is speci? cally represented by the doctrine of doublethink, where the party deems it acceptable for people to hold contradictory ideas and opinions simultaneously. Clearly, in reality this notion is completely illogical and unorthodox. Yet, the populace of Oceania (and presumably Eastasia and Eurasia) have been so successfully brainwashed that they hold the doctrine of doublethink to be both true and acceptable. The hypocrisy of power is evident to a lesser extent in the Peter Nicholson cartoon, which depicts Saddam Hussein and Kim Jong-il as gorillas in a zoo, being observed by John Howard and Alexander Downer. It represents the situation earlier in 2003 where world leaders stressed the impending danger of Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction, and that unilateral military action was the imperative step to disarm Iraq. The irony of the text is that whilst the Saddam Hussein gorilla is locked in a cage, with a sign saying â€Å"Danger†, a larger gorilla, Kim Jong-il, walks past the Saddam cage, with human bone and ice-cream cone in hand leaving a trail of blood, unnoticed by Howard and Downer. It represents the government’s hypocrisy in dealing with almost identical situations. Whilst Iraq and North Korea were supposedly both of immediate threat 2 of 3 www. kewpid. net to world security, the world’s attention was focussed on Iraq, whilst North Korea posed and identical if not greater danger. The government hypocritically declared it would support military action in Iraq, but chose to support diplomatic action in North Korea. Again, the extent to which the state holds power over its citizens is repulsive to the responder, successfully representing a situation which despite its improbability, is still somewhat possible. The inevitable rebellion to power becomes a dominant theme as 1984 progressed, paralleling with Julia and Winston’s gain of power through continual de? ance of party codes. Their sexual encounters had â€Å"been a battle, the climax a victory. It was a blow struck against the party. † Nevertheless, Winston and Julia’s rebellious attempts against the party proved to be futile, as Orwell demonstrated ultimate power through the symbolic role of O’Brien, representing mistrust and guiltless enforcement. The ending of 1984 contains a dianoetic irony, which Orwell uses to show power by reason, speci? cally as O’Brien forces Winston to believe that â€Å"2 and 2 makes 5. † At that stage, â€Å"O’Brien contained Winston’s mind†, demonstrating an undenying power that was constant and never-ending. Power is represented in these texts as a corrupting force through a particular group’s abuse of power to gain complete and utter control of everything within their context. 1984 showed this absolute sense of power over individuals by essentially removing their personal liberty, creating a shift of power towards the state. Through representations such as surveillance by the state, hypocrisy of power, and inevitable rebellion, the composers of the above texts successfully demonstrate the use, abuse, and manipulation of power.